Question 1

What is likely the cause of the increased body size in Homo erectus,compared to the body size of earlier hominids?

Accepted Answer

A)  stone-tool use that facilitated root and tuber processing
B)  increased protein in the diet,perhaps due to more intensive use of stone tools and cooking
C)  increased intake of food,facilitated by larger teeth that permitted better food processing
D)  warmer climates,which changed the overall shape of the hominin body planE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following is a conclusion drawn from comparing Homo erectus remains?

Accepted Answer

A)  This species must have evolved and spread very quickly as there is almost no variation from specimen to specimen.
B)  As the species spread from Africa,Homo erectus became smaller and smaller over time,so the Asian specimens are the smallest and the African ones are the largest.
C)  This taxon exhibits a high degree of variation,with some very gracile features and some very robust features.
D)  This species is the most gracile of all of the hominins,less robust than both Australopithecus and modern humans.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which species became increasingly specialized to foods requiring heavy chewing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homo sapiens
B)  Homo habilis
C)  Homo erectus
D)  AustralopithecusE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

What do modern anatomical features of the Nariokotome Boy include?

Accepted Answer

A)  relatively short arms and long legs
B)  brain size within the modern human variation
C)  relatively long arms and short legs
D)  large nose with an improved sense of smellE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

What do fossils tell us about Homo erectus's cranial capacity?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is always less than 1,000 cc.
B)  It is always more than 800 cc.
C)  It ranges from 650 cc to 1,200 cc.
D)  It ranges from 900 cc to 1,200 cc.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

The earliest fossil evidence for Homo erectus in Western Europe dates from ________ mya and was found in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.6;Sima de los Huesos
B)  0.3;France
C)  1.6;Dmanisi,Georgia
D)  1.2;Sima del ElefanteE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Anatomical evidence from fossilized hand bones suggests that the precision grip needed to make and use stone tools was present:

Accepted Answer

A)  only in Homo erectus.
B)  only in Homo habilis.
C)  in Homo habilis and some australopithecines.
D)  in all australopithecine and Homo species.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

What are the differences between Homo habilis and Homo erectus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homo habilis shows a reduction in the size of the face relative to the brain case.
B)  Homo erectus shows a reduction in the size of the face relative to the brain case.
C)  Homo habilis has a more modern body plan than Homo erectus.
D)  Homo erectus generally has a smaller brain capacity than Homo habilis.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Which of the following shows the first evidence of modern human traits,including increasing brain size and dependence on material culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homo erectus
B)  Homo sapiens
C)  Homo neanderthalensis
D)  Homo habilisE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

What do the many stone tools,fragmentary animal bones,and teeth found at Gran Dolina,Spain,indicate about hominids there?

Accepted Answer

A)  They processed and consumed animals including other hominids.
B)  They did not differ appreciably from earlier Asian Homo erectus.
C)  They were similar to later Homo sapiens.
D)  They were australopithecines.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

What was an effect of the controlled use of fire by hominids?

Accepted Answer

A)  It decreased the amount of food energy available in the hominid diet.
B)  It made the digestion of foods more difficult.
C)  It limited the expansion of hominids into certain environments,such as dry grasslands.
D)  It contributed to geographical expansion and increased food availability.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Who discovered Homo erectus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Louis Leakey
B)  Richard Leakey
C)  Eugène Dubois
D)  Ernst HaeckelE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Discuss the fossil evidence of Homo habilis and describe the anatomical and behavioral traits of Homo habilis that introduce the evolution of Homo sapiens.

Accepted Answer

Homo habilis was the first hominid to ha...

Question 14

What do the habitats of southern and eastern African sites dating to 2.5 mya indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  the spread of C3 plants
B)  reduction both in habitat types and in dietary diversity
C)  more frequent use of tools for the digging and processing of roots and tubers
D)  the decreasing variation in Homo's dietE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

What was the first hominid to migrate beyond Africa?

Accepted Answer

A)  Australopithecus
B)  Homo habilis
C)  Homo erectus
D)  Homo neanderthalensisE) A) and D)
F) None of the above C

Question 16

What does the recent discovery of a ca.700,000 yBP hominin at Mata Menge,Indonesia,tell us?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pattern of hominin evolution is firmly established with little anatomical variation in the Middle Pleistocene.
B)  The later Flores fossils must have evolved from the new,large-bodied Mata Menga hominin.
C)  The "Island theory" to explain reduction in body size of many island-dwelling mammals is now disproven.
D)  In predicting future research on both the early and later end of the evolution of Homo,we should expect the unexpected.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Nonhuman primates have smaller brains,and humans have large brains and advanced technology. How does the birthing process differ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Birth in nonhuman primates is shorter and less painful.
B)  Birth in nonhuman primates is more difficult in the absence of modern medical technology.
C)  Despite the differences in technologies,birth in humans and nonhuman primates takes about the same amount of time.
D)  Medical technology ensures that human births take far less time than nonhuman primate birth.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above A

Question 18

Compared to earlier hominids,which of the following did Homo erectus have?

Accepted Answer

A)  a smaller brain
B)  larger teeth
C)  a bigger sagittal keel
D)  a larger brainE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Stone tools are more commonly found on archaeological sites thought to be associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  Australopithecus africanus.
B)  Paranthropus.
C)  Australopithecus afarensis.
D)  Homo habilis.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D) D

Question 20

What do African Homo erectus cranial features include?

Accepted Answer

A)  thick cranial bones
B)  small browridges
C)  a rounded skull
D)  a sagittal crestE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 11: The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

What is likely the cause of the increased body size in Homo erectus,compared to the body size of earlier hominids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a conclusion drawn from comparing Homo erectus remains?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which species became increasingly specialized to foods requiring heavy chewing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do modern anatomical features of the Nariokotome Boy include?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do fossils tell us about Homo erectus's cranial capacity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The earliest fossil evidence for Homo erectus in Western Europe dates from ________ mya and was found in ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anatomical evidence from fossilized hand bones suggests that the precision grip needed to make and use stone tools was present:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the differences between Homo habilis and Homo erectus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following shows the first evidence of modern human traits,including increasing brain size and dependence on material culture?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do the many stone tools,fragmentary animal bones,and teeth found at Gran Dolina,Spain,indicate about hominids there?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was an effect of the controlled use of fire by hominids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who discovered Homo erectus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the fossil evidence of Homo habilis and describe the anatomical and behavioral traits of Homo habilis that introduce the evolution of Homo sapiens.

Correct AnswerverifiedHomo habilis was the first hominid to ha...View AnswerShow Answer

What do the habitats of southern and eastern African sites dating to 2.5 mya indicate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was the first hominid to migrate beyond Africa?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

What does the recent discovery of a ca.700,000 yBP hominin at Mata Menge,Indonesia,tell us?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nonhuman primates have smaller brains,and humans have large brains and advanced technology. How does the birthing process differ?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Compared to earlier hominids,which of the following did Homo erectus have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stone tools are more commonly found on archaeological sites thought to be associated with:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

What do African Homo erectus cranial features include?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The earliest fossil evidence for Homo erectus in Western Europe dates from mya and was found in .

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Homo habilis was the first hominid to ha...
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C

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