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Explain the iconography and cultural significance of Shiva Nataraja (Fig. 10-33).

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Shiva is seen as the Lord of t...

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What are the two styles of sculpture that appear in the ancient Indus civilization?

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The geometric style of sculpture can be ...

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The Mathura style of Buddhist sculpture evolved from representations of indigenous male nature deities called


A) mudras.
B) katras.
C) bodhisattvas.
D) yakshas.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The bodhisattva in the wall painting of Cave 1 in Ajanta (Fig. 10-19) is identified as Avalokiteshvara through the


A) lotus flower in his hand.
B) princely garments.
C) distinctive headdress.
D) use of color.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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What are the names for the two types of rock-cut halls that were made for Buddhist monastic communities?


A) shikhara and amalaka
B) mandapas and plinth
C) vihara and chaitya
D) torana and garbhagriha

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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On the toranas of the Great Stupa at Sanchi (Fig. 10-9) , Jataka tales of the Buddha's past lives are organized according to


A) where the action occurred.
B) importance of lesson.
C) chronological order.
D) alphabetical order.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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In what style is the temple of Vishnu at Deogarh (Fig. 10-16) ?


A) northern
B) eastern
C) western
D) southern

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Discuss the style, content, and purpose of Indus Valley seals. What do they reveal about early civilizations?

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1. Seals show animal and human figures w...

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What are Buddhist religious monuments that frequently hold sacred relics and are venerated through circumambulation?


A) temples
B) viharas
C) amalakas
D) stupas

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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What is a stupa, and what are its primary physical characteristics?

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Derived from burial mounds, st...

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What do the lions represent in the Lion Capital from Sarnath (Fig. 10-6) ?


A) four great rulers
B) four great temples of Sarnath
C) four buddhas of the earth
D) four cardinal directions

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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How did Siddhartha Gautama reach enlightenment?

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Siddhartha left his princely d...

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What makes the Rajarajeshvara Temple (Fig. 10-32) a monumental southern-style temple?

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It is a walled compound with a...

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What are used in Buddhist and Hindu art as physical expressions of different states of being?


A) mithuna
B) erotic figures
C) mudras
D) yakshi

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Which describes the garbhagriha, where a statue of the temple's main god is kept in Hindu temples?


A) a windowless space
B) a light-filled chamber
C) a tower
D) a covered porch

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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What do the locations of the shrines at the Loro Jonggrang (Fig. 10-38) suggest?


A) occupation
B) status
C) wealth
D) piety

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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What is depicted on the entrance to the temple of Vishnu at Deogarh (Figs. 10-16 and 10-17)?

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Large panels sculpted in relie...

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The erotic sculptures decorating the Kandariya Mahadeva (Fig. 10-30) are thought to express


A) Shiva's consorts.
B) ceremonial rituals.
C) human divinity.
D) human lust.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Why did Ashoka erect monuments to Buddha?

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He was remorseful at the destr...

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The Female Figure Holding a Fly-Whisk (Fig. 10-7) is characteristic of Maurya period sculpture in the


A) figure's fleshy sensuality.
B) high polished sandstone.
C) representation of a yakshi figure.
D) decorative adornment.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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